World Reference Base for Soil Resources

Author

IUSS Working Group WRB

Published

July 22, 2022

Modified

January 10, 2024

About

An image of the cover of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources, 4th edition, showing pictures of soils and landscapes from around the world.

Citation

IUSS Working Group WRB. 2022. World Reference Base for Soil Resources. International soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. 4th edition. International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS), Vienna, Austria.







ISBN 979-8-9862451-1-9

First published: 22 July 2022. Update with minor corrections: 18 December 2022

Copyright: International Union of Soil Sciences®, Vienna, Austria.
This is an open access document under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cover by Stefaan Dondeyne
From left to right: Rhodic Ferritic Nitisol (Brazil) [photo: Sérgio Shimizu]
Stagnic Gleyic Solonchak (Mongolia) [photo: Stefaan Dondeyne]
Mollic Vitric Silandic Andosol (Iceland) [photo: Stefaan Dondeyne]
Eutric Glossic Stagnosol (Belgium) [photo: Stefaan Dondeyne]

This is a Quarto version of the original PDF publication, available at the WRB website along with other supporting documentation and teaching materials. This version incorporates the published errata to 2022-12-18.